called txDictionary > particles
- see details >1.
- -able (usually)
- (The origin of this ending is the verb "to bear". It's quite obscure with verbs, but you can see it in adjectives like "kostbar" (valuable= "bearing cost"). )
- see details >1.
- "like X"
- (Common part of adjectives that express an idea of "like that thing". It's NOT productive anymore, so you can't make up new words with it. Use "-mäßig" for that.)
- see details >1.
- -come
- (noun version of "kommen", but ONLY used in compounds. It's not productive any more so you can't come up with new words and expect them to sound idiomatic)
- see details >
- see details >1.
- the turning into, the becoming
- (Used as second part of compounds that are about becoming something. It's not common at all, though, and you should not make up new words with it.)
- 1.
- oh
- (surprised sounding sound, often combined with another word)
see details >2.- pfff
- (can be made sound dismissive)
- see details >1.
- Ohhhh, got it. /Oh, THAT'S what you mean.
- (Super mega common way to express insight or understanding after getting an explanation.)
- see details >1.
- Good bye. See you.
- (A formal (but not too formal) good bye phrase. On the phone, you need to use "auf Wiederhören" though. German takes the "sehen" literally here.)
- 1.
- because, for
- (verb does NOT go to the end, 'denn' counts as position 0. )
2.- Particle that's added to questions to make them sound less abrupt
- (impossible to translate to one word. English expresses that with phrasing or just voice.)
see details >3.- than
- (super rare and sounds super theatrical)
- 1.
- "Is, too.", "Yes, after all.",
- (reverting a negative)
2.- "isn't it", "come on", "don't you think",...
- (seeking affirmation)
see details >3.- but
- (only for books, sounds high register)
- 1.
- has lots of possible translations, but usually it is NOT "actually"
- ("eigentlich" expresses a "normal" a broad picture as opposed to a particular instance, read the article for details)
2.- by the way
- (in questions)
see details >3.- actual, real
- (As an adjective, it expresses the idea of "core, real, actual". )
- see details >1.
- one
- see details >1.
- "in"
- (Variation of the "ent-" prefix in its sense of "in(to)".)
- 1.
- dis-, de-, un-
- (The core theme is the removing of some feature. The origin is the notion of "counter" which we can see in the related prefix "anti-")
see details >2.- in-
- (The core theme is a mix of "in" and "on")
- 1.
- achieving, reaching a goal
2.- outward
see details >3.- to death (out/all the way)
- see details >1.
- several, quite a few
- (Often in combination with "Male")
- 1.
- at all
- (in combinations with words of negation like "nicht", "nichts" or "kein-")
see details >3.- even
- (in the sense of "Wow, eve that?!?!". Very rarely used and sounds theatrical)
- see details >2.
- shortly, right away
- (in contexts of time, can reach like half an hour or so into the future)
Opposite (closest): gerade - 1.
- "verbal shrug"
- (expresses that the speaker considers something to be "second best", not the first choice in moments of decision. The long form would be something like "Okay, if A is not possible then B". It can lean to many angles depending on how you say it)
see details >2.- "sorry but"
- (people also use it to low-key defend their statements against counters by implying that it's not their fault. Read the articles for more details :))
- see details >1.
- (prefix that expresses the idea of "some/any")
- (NEVER stands alone. Well, except in the phrase "wenn irgend möglich". But yeah, NEVER stands alone.)
- 2.
- #established reality
- (Speaker marks a part of a sentence as established reality, making it kind of a backdrop for the other stuff. It CAN bethe same as "as you know" but it doesn't always really expect anything of the other person. )
3.- #wow
- (expresses surprise in statements. Needs to come with a specific rhythm and melody.)
see details >4.- #or else
- (Pretty intense way to add a subtle threatening tone to commands and orders. Not very common in daily life.)
- 1.
- per, a
- (in the sense of numbers)
see details >2.- ever
- (in the sense of "at any point in time?")
- see details >1.
- shit, shitty
- (common, colloquial part of compounds)
- see details >1.
- no
- (As in "no XYZ", basically just a fancy version of "keine-". Sounds best with plural.)
- see details >1.
- (expressed the notion of "start", sometimes also "loose" )
- (often an indication of going without the actual verb (usually comes in combo with modal verbs, like "Wollen wir los?")
- see details >1.
- "minor"
- (This is NOT a word by itself but part of many compounds. The theme is being inferior or small in some way.)
- see details >1.
- oh
- (In contexts of being surprised. Not very common in spoken these days)
- see details >1.
- postal code, zip code
- (short handle of "Postleitzahl".)
- see details >1.
- phew, oh man
- (One of the most common "sighs". Usually used in the context of something challenging, either as a relieve after you handled it or before to express how you feel about it. Also used when escaping a dangerous situation. )
- 1.
- simple
- (In a sense of down to earth. NOT in a sense of "easy". A building can be "schlicht" for instance, an exam can't.)
Opposite (closest): protzigsee details >2.- simply
- (As an adverb, synonym for "einfach". Quite rare and usually only used in contexts of something simply not being possible or being too something.)
- 1.
- this way, like that
- (Basically the most generic answer to "How?". NOT used in the English sense of "... and so I went home.")
Opposite (closest): wie2.- so, such
- (To intensify adjectives ("soooo schön") or noun phrases ("such a"))
see details >3.- this, as, that
- (In comparative statements, like "this big" or "as big as")
- see details >1.
- such
- (In the context of "such things" or "such people". Gets adjective endings, but can sometimes also be just "solch" followed by "ein-". It's probably a shortened version of "so welche")
- see details >1.
- "ancient, original, old"
- (prefix that expresses these ideas)
- see details >1.
- away, change, error, for
- (The most common German prefix has four ideas, but they all come from the same core theme and they do have relatives in English. Check out my article for details :) )
- see details >2.
- before which, of which
- (As a relative pronoun.)
- see details >1.
- prefix that expresses the idea of "intermediate, temporary, interlude"
- (mostly for nouns. For verbs, teh prefix is "dazwischen-")
Here's a quick overview with translations. For family, examples and more check the details.
